[国际] 缺水怎么办？答：少吃肉！ (双语)

　　由于持续干旱缺水，美国加利福尼亚州已经采取多种方式呼吁民众节水。很多专家呼吁民众尽量多淋浴少泡澡，并安装接水喷头以及接水马桶冲水装置，在生活各个方面行动起来。但是很少有人知道，我们每天浪费的水大多是是以食物“嵌入水”的形式体现的。食物原料在形成过程中消耗的大量的水资源，这就是所谓食物“嵌入水”。难以想象的是，食物“嵌入水”的浪费约占我们日常费水量的2/3。所以，如果想切实有效的节水，则必须改变我们每天的饮食习惯。那么，除了避免浪费食物，怎么才能够减少食物“嵌入水”的浪费呢？答案很简单，多吃素。

　　As the record-setting California drought continues, everyone is encouraged to reduce the water footprint. Numerous experts tell us to think twice before taking a hot relaxing bath, to install low-flow shower heads, to purchase water-efficient toilets, and so on. It's all very nice but hardly anyone knows that “the food we eat makes up more than 2/3 of our total water footprint”, as the GRACE Communications Foundation has reported. So, if we really want to make the change, we have to change our eating habits. You may ask how to do that and the answer is more than simple – eat more plant-based food.

　　《卫报》在一篇报道中提到，生产相同重量的肉类所需用水量远高于蔬菜的。像生产重一千克的肉需要五千到两万升的水，而生产重一千克的小麦则只需要五百到四千升的水。为什么耗水量会差这么多呢？《生态学》杂志给出了解释：必须考虑动物的饮水以及拌在饲料中的水分。

　　The Guardian says that “meat production requires much higher amount of water than vegetables. IME state that to produce 1kg of meat requires between 5,000 and 20,000 liters of water whereas to produce 1kg of wheat requires between 500 and 4,000 liters of water.” Ecology explains that the difference is so radical because “you have to account for the water the animals drink and also the water that goes into growing their feed.”

　　也许你会觉得既然牛已长成，肉已在案，吃不吃只差进嘴这一步了，无论如何，浪费早已造成，吃素吃荤没差别。但是行业的变化都是以市场的需求为导向的，如果你一直在买，从无克制，畜牧业就会持续兴旺。所以说，从此刻开始多吃素少吃荤，这是一个很间接的接水过程，但是非常有意义。

　　As Ecology says, “you might be thinking, but the beef at the supermarket have already been grown. That water is already used, so we might as well eat it. However, if we buy and eat water intensive foods now, the food industry will continue to grow or even increase growing them in the future.” That's why the best time to change our eating habits is today.

　　一千克的巧克力的诞生需要1.7万升的水，而这些水可以填满一个家用的游泳池。

　　一千克猪肉的生产需要消耗6000升水，而这些水足够188个人淋浴。

　　一千克的牛肉的生产需要耗费1.5万升水，这些水可以填满250个浴缸。

　　一个鸡蛋的诞生需要196升水，这相当于784杯水。

　　一千克玉米在生产过程中需要消耗1211升水，一千克小麦则需要1892升水。

　　一公斤香蕉的生产需要790升水，青豆只需要586升。

　　一千克西红柿需要214升，土豆需要287升。

　　看了这些数据之后，你想好了今晚吃什么了么？

　　English Source: Boredpanda

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