[策划] 滥用抗生素致死危险大过癌症!每年达百万人

　　2016年5月23日至28日第六十九届世界卫生大会在日内瓦召开。世界卫生大会是世界卫生组织的最高决策机构，大会的主要职能是决定世卫组织的政策，监督财政政策，以及审查和批准规划预算方案。

　　5月21日，世界卫生组织发表文章呼吁应对全球耐药感染问题，并援引英国Jim O’Neill爵士本周发表的《全球抗菌素耐药回顾》报告及建议指出，到2050年，抗菌素耐药每年会导致1000万人死亡。如果任其发展，可累计造成100万亿美元的经济损失。

　　The World Health Organization is calling for drug-resistant infections to be tackled globally, and says 10 million people could die each year by 2050, with the cumulative economic loss reaching 100 trillion dollars if the trend continues. The WHO cited Lord Jim O'Neill's statistical and monetary predictions from the UK's Review on Antimicrobial Resistance held in May last year.

　　抗生素滥用在中国越来越严重。据估计，如不采取有效措施，到2050年，抗生素耐药每年将导致中国100万人早死，累计给中国造成20万亿美元的损失。

　　Antibiotic abuse is growing more severe in China. It is estimated that antimicrobial resistance could drive one million people to early deaths annually by 2050, the latest report from the WHO said. The economic cost could soar to 20 trillion dollars.

　　世卫组织称，中国抗生素耐药问题的重要原因是普遍购买非处方药和过于依赖用抗生素治疗、控制感染和促进牲畜生长。由于存在给患者过度开药的经济激励机制，培养合理使用抗生素的理念并非易事，对农业使用抗生素的监管薄弱也进一步助长了滥用问题。

　　According to the WHO, the major reasons for antimicrobial resistance in China include prevalent use of non-preion drugs, excessive use of antibiotics in medical treatment and infection control, and the use of drugs in the promotion of livestock growth.Due to incentives for prescribing excess drugs in China, it is not easy to cultivate the idea of proper antibiotic use. The lack of antibiotic supervision in agriculture is also exacerbating the problem.

　　世卫组织表示，将来会有更多的人死于抗生素耐药问题，甚至超过癌症患者。为了解决抗菌素耐药性所造成的健康威胁，世卫组织建议医生应“仅在必要时有选择性地开药；支持新型抗生素的研发，这样一旦旧药无效时可以取而代之；支持全球公众宣传活动，让患者和同行了解耐药带来的问题和后果”。

　　The WHO said in the future there will more deaths caused by antimicrobial resistance than cancer.To tackle the health threats caused by antimicrobial resistance, the WHO suggests that patients need to consider if it is really necessary to use antibiotics. Meanwhile, the drug industry also needs encouragement to develop new antibiotics so that newly-developed drugs are able to replace the old drugs when they become ineffective.

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