日本夫妻同姓，看看其他国家是如何规定的（双语）

　　爱语导读:日本大多数妇女最终以随丈夫的姓告终，而继星期三（12月16日）裁决之后，这种情况将持续。那么其它的国家是如何规定的呢？

　　Japan’s Supreme Court has ruled that all married couples must have the same surname, despite concerns that the practice is discriminatory and archaic.

　　尽管有“歧视女性的和落后于时代”的担忧，日本最高法院裁定，所有已婚夫妇都必须有相同的姓氏。

　　Kaori Okuni, one of the women campaigning for change, said the ruling would lead to "suffering for those who plan to marry and those who are set to be born".

　　发起“夫妻别姓”这场诉讼的女性小国香织（音译）称，该条规定会“让那些打算结婚却又不想失去自己姓氏的人很痛苦。”

　　Most women in Japan end up taking their husband’s surname, a practice set to continue after Wednesday’s ruling.

　　日本大多数妇女最终以随丈夫的姓告终，而继星期三（12月16日）裁决之后，这种情况将持续。

　　But what do other countries do?

　　那么其它的国家是如何规定的呢？

　　1.Do as you wish

　　1.我选择，我喜欢

　　In most well-populated countries, women are free to change their surname on marrying, if they wish. Many go further than that, putting in place laws stating that women do not have to change their names.

　　在大多数人口稠密的国家，如果女性愿意，她们可以在婚后改变姓氏。许多地方更进一步，把女性不必改随夫姓加进了当地法律。

　　France’s law has been in place since the 18th century but, much like in Italy, there is some flexibility allowing wives to use their husband’s surnames in an informal way. On all official paperwork, however, the maiden name must remain.

　　自第十八个世纪以来，法国一直都有姓氏相关的立法规定，比较灵活，就像意大利一样,允许妻子在非正式场合使用丈夫的姓氏。然而，在所有的官方文书中，女性必须使用自己的姓氏。

　　2.No to men’s surnames

　　2.绝对不能冠夫姓

　　The laws are much tougher in Greece and Quebec. In Greece, you must petition a court for a name change, and in Quebec, even if they wanted to, a wife cannot take her husband’s surname at any point.

　　希腊和魁北克的规定更为强硬。在希腊，要向改变姓氏，必须得向法院请求。而在魁北克，即使是想改，任何时候妻子也不能冠以丈夫的姓。

　　3.Still your father’s daughter

　　3.仍是父亲的女儿

　　In Iceland, women keep their maiden names after marriage. A surname is derived from a father’s first name - so Bjork, Gudmund’s daughter, becomes Bjork Gudmundsdottir - or, in certain circumstances, the mother’s.

　　在冰岛，妇女在婚后保留她们婚前的名字。姓来自父亲的名字-比如Bjork.Gudmund的女儿，那就成为了Bjork Gudmundsdottir，或者，在某些情况下来自母亲的名字。

　　A similar pattern is also followed in Ethiopia and Eritrea, where there is no concept of surnames as known in many Western countries. At birth, people are given one name, that is then followed by the father’s name then the grandfather’s name.

　　埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚也是类似的模式，他们和许多西方国家一样，没有姓氏的概念。人们出生时，取了一个名字，再加上父亲的名字和祖父的名字。

　　Even after marrying, women retain their original three names.

　　即使在婚后，妇女仍保留他们最初的三个字的名字。

　　4.Men taking women’s surnames

　　4.丈夫改冠妻子姓氏

　　Could the Avatar actress Zoe Saldana and her husband Marco Perego - now Marco Saldana - be trend setters?

　　阿凡达的女演员Zoe Saldana 和她的丈夫Marco Perego----现在叫Marco Saldana（冠妻姓），他们是引领潮流的人吗？

　　The couple announced the move earlier this year, with Mrs Saldana calling her husband "a man who stood by change".

　　今年早些时候，这对夫妻声明此举，Zoe Saldana称她的丈夫为“立场改变的男人”。

　　In one case from 2012, however, a Mississippi man needed the help of the American Civil Liberties Union to take his wife’s surname, having initially been prevented from changing the name on his driving licence.

　　然而，在2012年的某案例中，密西西比州的一名男子需要将驾照上名字修改为其妻子的姓氏，起初是不被允许的，后来在美国公民自由联盟的帮助下才得以实现。

　　And in France, a change in the law now allows men to take their wife’s surname - the first case was registered in Lyon in 2012, but only after seven attempts to do so were denied, despite the amendment.

　　在法国，现在立法有一个改动是男人可以改随妻子的姓。第一例于2012年在里昂登记，尽管立法已经修正，但七次尝试改姓，仍被拒绝。(声明：本文为爱语吧原创翻译，转载请注明来源，否则追究法律责任)

　　来源:BBC News

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